|
CHAPTER III
Strategy for
demining
1. Objective of demining
strategy
The demining strategy has
following objectives:
a) Creation of the National
demining capacity, through the Government's appropriate
institutional training for conducting of the overall process, of
the creation of national capacities for performance of mine
action and of the creation of mechanisms that ensure financial
support of the mine action in Mozambique;
b) Promotion of vicinities, through the incentive of initiatives
managed at the community, district and provincial level, and
with the active and direct participation of the civil society in
the determination of mine action priorities;
c) Promotion of the economical demining through the integration
of the demining component in the rehabilitation projects and
economical and social
development of the country;
d) Promotion of demining technologies, through the incentive of
the technological investigation, tests of technologies and their
introduction in the mine action in Mozambique;
e) Collection, processing and use of information on mines,
through the establishment of a system for collection,
processing, administration and dissemination of the available
information;
f) Prevention of mine accidents, through the establishment and
conducting of
Mine risk education program, focusing more on vulnerable
communities;
g) Promotion of the regional and international cooperation,
through the active involvement of the country in the regional
and international efforts seeking the eradication of the scourge
of landmines;
h) Facilitation of the mine victim assistance, through the
dissemination of necessary information and channeling of
available supports to the sectors directly involved in the
provision of direct assistance to the victims.
2. Demining priorities
The demining priorities are as
follows:
a) The areas for the
resettlement of populations, social infrastructures, such as the
education centers, hospitals and shopping centers, and the areas
around or inside the settlement, including explosive ordnance
disposal;
b) The objects and areas of economical and social interest, with
special prominence for the areas already identified as high
agriculture-livestock potential, highways and bridges, railways,
industry and energy.
The sequence of priorities just constitutes a macro-indicator
for the planning process. This can be changed in accordance with
the concrete objectives that are intended to be reached. The
base for the nominal and echeloned definition of the demining
priorities, are the global and sector plans of governance at the
national, provincial, district, municipal and community levels.
3. Government
3.1. Role of the Government
The Government is the
coordination and decision center of the whole mine action,
including areas, such as:
a) Creation of a legal and
institutional framework for the demining;
b) Definition of plans and priorities for action;
c) Mobilization and allocation of resources;
d) Invitation for bids, awarding of contracts for mine
clearance, evaluations and auditing and monitoring of mine
clearance
e) Monitoring of the conducting of the whole demining process as
well as the investigation on about the progress of policy,
strategies, technologies and international conventions on mine
action.
The Government shall also
be responsible for:
a) Creating a more
participatory and facilitating environment for mine action, by
the simplification of administrative mechanisms and an
appropriate fiscal policy for this area of activity;
b) Making mine clearance more responsible and safe, by
increasing the technical quality of its execution;
c) Providing mine clearance with conducive instruments to held
civil criminal responsibility to the stakeholders for acts or
omissions harmful to interests of third; d) Involving public and
private institutions, civil society and still the academical and
research organisms, including universities, to contribute in
their field in the implementation the policy and strategy of
demining maintaining, for the effect, a close and permanent
linkage;
e) Setting the institutional framework for assistance to the
landmines victims.
3.2. Mozambique Defence
Forces
The Government of Mozambique,
recognizing the strategic role that FADM play in conducting
demining operations and in scope of the national strategy of
creation of a real and effective national capacity of demining.
It'll undertake all of the efforts in the creation of
technical-material conditions and of formation that can allow an
effective, active and planned development, of FADM in the
demining effort.
4. Partners
4.1. International community, namely, United Nations and
the international donors.
a) The international community
is other privileged partner in the execution of mine action,
making available the resources base on the plans and priorities
defined by the Government;
b) The international community's action, the decision on the
allocation of resources and the establishment of administration
mechanisms and control of their use, should result of an action
previously agreed with the Government;
c) The international community's action should also be base on
the respect for the established policy and norms of the
Government for mine action.
4.2. Demining operators
4.2.1. The award of the
demining and quality assurance contracts in the country will be
done, as a rule, based on public tenders.
4.2.2. The exercise of mine action is reserved to both
local and international entities, associated or no, that are in
position to prove before the Government of Mozambique their
technical -professional competence, and are permitted,
committing to respect the legislation in general, the regulation
of the demining activity in force, as well as the communities'
cultural heritage and their goods.
4.2.3. The mine clearance is subject to the quality
assurance, under leadership of the Government, whose results
make faith to both Government and donors, communities and others
interested on the quality of the organization and execution of
the task and results thereof. The resulting recommendations of
the execution of the quality assurance and the corrective
established measures should be of strict observance by the
operators and they constitute a legal base for holding civil and
criminal responsibility of the stakeholders demining operations.
It results because, the independent quality assurance is
component of the demining operations, owing the respective costs
be foreseen in the financings.
4.2.4. The activity of independent operator of quality
assurance is incompatible with the activity of demining
operator. This measure is aimed to avoid conflicts of
interests.
4.3. Civil society
The civil society, organized
in the most several ways, shall contribute and support the
efforts of the government that tends to the eradication of the
mines and unexploded ordnance in the country and the disastrous
effects caused by them. The local communities shall, especially,
play an active role in the mine risk education, in the
collection and dissemination of information on mines and
unexploded ordnance, as well as in the assistance to the mine
victims.
5. Financing of mine
clearance
5.1 Mine clearance requires
mobilization of human, technical-material and financial
resources necessary for its execution. It becomes because
necessary that the country develops supplemental efforts, so
that it can be possible to make such resources available.
Now, it worth:
a) To create appropriate
conditions aiming at making available the necessary resources to
the implementation of the current demining strategy;
b) To mobilize the local and international communities to
contribute voluntarily to the demining in the country;
c) To create an instrument for collection and management of
demining fund.
5.2. The financings for the
accomplishment of the mine clearance will come namely from:
a) State Budget;
b) National solidarity;
c) International solidarity;
d) Other sources.
5.3. The management of the
funds will be made by an instrument specifically created by the
Government and by procedures to be established and with the
participation of the remaining stakeholders in the process and
it aims namely at:
a) Maximizing profitability of
the available resources for mine clearance for what norms and
patterns will be established;
b) Assuring greater transparency to the mine clearance;
c) Encouraging a greater involvement of the donor community and
of the Mozambican society in the financing of the mine
clearance.
5.4. The existence of this
instrument doesn't exclude the existence of other ways of
channeling and administration of demining funds, particularly
those funds that are resulting from specific agreements of
multilateral or bilateral cooperation between these partners and
the Government.
UP |
